نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری معماری اسلامی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده

کثرت گرایی دوران معاصر در شکل گیری سبک ها و آثار مختلف هنری، به تعاریف متنوع و گاه متناقض از زیبایی شناسی منجر گردیده و درنتیجه شاخص های زیبایی شناسی دچار به هم ریختگی شده است. سنجه زیبایی شناختی، امکان سنجش، تفکیک و ارزیابی را فراهم می آورد و تعریف و شناسایی آن ها اهمیت دارد. هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی تأثیر و رابطه بین میزان عددی پروخالی و ترجیحات بصری در جداره خارجی معماری (نَما) می باشد .
در این راستا، پس از بررسی ادبیات موضوع، با استفاده از روش های بررسی ترجیحات در رویکرد زیبایی شناسی تجربی، 320 نفر مورد آزمون قرار گرفتند. این افراد به 32 نمایه بصری که از 8 جداره اصلی از خانه های تاریخی تبریز با تغییر و دستکاری هدفمند تولید گردید، از طریق آزمون های تجربی، نمرات ترجیحاتی دادند. براساس نمرات داده شده به هر جداره، پروخالی بر مبنای ترجیحات مخاطب در جداره های خارجی بررسی و تحلیل گردید. با توجه به یافته های پژوهش می توان این گونه نتیجه گیری نمود که « پروخالی» به عنوان یک مؤلفه بصری در ترجیحات زیبایی شناختی از جداره خارجی تأثیرگذار است و در یک بازه مطلوبیت، باعث افزایش ترجیحات و پسندیدگی می گردد. این مؤلفه بصری می تواند به عنوان یک معیار در سنجش و ارزیابی های زیبایی شناسانه از جداره های معماری و همچنین راهکار معمارانه در طراحی جداره های خارجی کاربرد داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Aesthetic Preferences of Porosity in Façades with Traditional Architecture Pattern (Case Study: Tabriz Historical Houses)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Yaran 1
  • Masoud Wahdattalab 2
  • Hamed Mohammadi Khoshbin 3

1 Prefossor, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Tehran, Iran

2 Asistant Prefosseor, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran

3 Ph.D Candidate in Islamic Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Tabriz Islamic Art University, Tabriz, Iran .

چکیده [English]

The pluralism of contemporary era in styles and creation of different artworks has led to various and sometimes contradictory definitions in aesthetics. As a result, aesthetic criteria have become disarranged. Aesthetic criteria, make measure and differentiate possible and therefore it is important to define and identify it. The purpose of his research is to study the effect and relation between porosity quantative measure and observer’s aesthetic preferences in architectural façades. In this research, after literateure review, using preferences studies’ methods in empirical aesthetic approach, 320 subjects were tested. The participants scored 32 visual representations made from 8 main façade of Tabriz historic houses with targeted manipulation. Aesthetic of porosity is investigated and analyzed, based on scores given to each visual stimulus. Based on the findings, the porosity According to research findings, it can be concluded that porosity, as a visual property, influences the aesthetic preferences of architectural façades and in a certain amount and range, increases preferences and appreciation. This property can also serve as a scale for aesthetic assessment and evaluation of the architectural façades and also function as an architectural strategy in designing façades.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Porosity
  • Architectural façades
  • Aesthetic Preference
  • Empirical Aesthetic
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