Journal of Iranian Architecture & Urbanism(JIAU)

Strategic requirements for improving the self-organizing capacity of cities in order to make them smarter(Case study: Ahvaz metropolis)

mahyar sajadian; Mohamad Ali Firoozi; Ahmad Pourahmad

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 12 December 2023

https://doi.org/10.30475/isau.2023.338329.1912

Abstract

Today, smart cities are a new paradigm in the world urban planning system; Which, based on the capabilities of information and communication technology, try to improve the quality of ... Read More

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Analysis and evaluation of effective indicators on the realization of healthy city (Rasht case study)

Saber Mohammadpour; Arman Hamidi; hamidreza sabouri,

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 12 December 2023

https://doi.org/10.30475/isau.2023.320826.1835

Abstract

The uncontrolled population growth and unbalanced expansion of cities in the last century has caused many environmental and physical problems, which has led to more emphasis by urban ... Read More

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Evaluation and analysis of the physical development pattern of Yazd city

mehrab mehrabi; Mohsen Rafian

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 13 December 2023

https://doi.org/10.30475/isau.2023.346590.1932

Abstract

The rapid growth of urbanization from different aspects has affected urban environments; It has marked the dynamic and continuous physical development in cities. Conditions that have ... Read More

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Investigating the position of housing brand from the perspective of residents using perceptual mapping technique Complex of long apartments with houses and short apartments in Ardabil)

Samira Saeidi; Mohammad Hassan Yazdani

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 19 December 2023

https://doi.org/10.30475/isau.2023.317109.1829

Abstract

In the last decades of the twentieth century, due to environmental concerns arising from the urbanization of modernism, urban planners sought new paradigms of sustainable development ... Read More In the last decades of the twentieth century, due to environmental concerns arising from the urbanization of modernism, urban planners sought new paradigms of sustainable development in search of the ideal form for sustainable cities, because the scattered development and horizontal expansion of cities cause varioussocio-economic and physical disorders.The aim of this study was to investigate the brand position of villas and high-rise apartments from the perspective of residents using perceptual drawing In this regard, the application of the brand value of single-family houses to residential towers has been studied in order to upgrade the city and prevent the horizontal development of the city for future planning in Ardabil.The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method.The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method.The required information in this study has been collected through field and documentary methods. The statistical population of the study corresponds to the residents of villas and high-rise apartments who have previously lived in high-rise apartments and villas, respectively. For data analysis, SPSS software and one-sample ttest, Pearson correlation coefficient and perceptual map were used. According to the findings of the present study, there is a difference between residents' views on the brand position of villas and short apartments with residentialtowers. And villas and short apartments are in a better position than residential towers in terms of image. And villas and short apartments are in a better position than residential towers in terms of image. Also in terms of housing satisfaction, residential towers are in a better position than villas and short apartments.According to the results of the present study, according to the strengths of high-rise apartments, it is possible to plan future measures for sustainable development and urban development and high-riseconstruction in Ardabil.

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Analysis of choosing house and neighborhood in selected group

Reza Asadi; Atoosa Modiri; Farhad Hosseynali; AliAkbar Gholi Zadeh

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 25 December 2023

https://doi.org/10.30475/isau.2023.327472.1864

Abstract

Families meet different needs that force them to relocate in the city, which includes changes in the housing unit and the socio-economic context of the residential environment. Identifying ... Read More Families meet different needs that force them to relocate in the city, which includes changes in the housing unit and the socio-economic context of the residential environment. Identifying the pattern of housing selection and differentiation of household preferences is explained based on the theory of life cycle. The theory is explained, the general cycle of life changes and housing needs for all households, and in progress of developing the theory, urban households are divided into distinct categories with socio-economic characteristics that is the source of various housing choices. Identifying the relationships between the socio-economic characteristics of the household and housing helps urban planners and policymakers to plan more accurately for city.Residential location modes were performed in a discrete manner using the "quantitative multivariate regression" method, which allows the analysis of multiple dependent variables. The input data of the model were obtained from the population and housing census of Tehran in 2011 and Tehran urban facilities’ data gained from a detailed plan. Dependent variables are "housing", which are divided into two groups: housing unit and the socio-economic context of the residents. The variables of the residential unit group include the area of house unite and the stability of the building. The variables of the socio-economic context of the residents include the literacy rate in the women's group, the female employment rate, the attendance rate of highly educated residents, the per capita personal vehicle and the student attendance rate.Finding shows that the variables of "housing unit" group play the most important role in housing selection and among the variables of socio-economic context of households, all variables have a significant relationship that indicates the validity of the model and two variables "per capita personal car" and "Women's literacy rates" play the largest percentage of explanation in this group.

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Developing mechanisms for improving the distribution and access to neighborhood commercial services in Tehran

Zahra Azad Takcho Olia; Kourosh Asefvaziri; Mohammad Saeid Izadi

Volume 14, Issue 1 , August 2023, , Pages 377-399

https://doi.org/10.30475/isau.2023.365017.1997

Abstract

Extended Abstract Background and Objectives: Commercial services play a significant role in the daily lives of neighborhood residents. However, when we look at the city of Tehran’s ... Read More Extended Abstract Background and Objectives: Commercial services play a significant role in the daily lives of neighborhood residents. However, when we look at the city of Tehran’s development plans regarding local services, they primarily focus on services directly provided by public and government institutions. This has led to an uneven distribution of commercial services in various neighborhoods. As a result, it becomes essential for the municipal authorities to intervene in the distribution and accessibility of neighborhood commercial services. Thus, this research aims to develop a strategic plan for the appropriate distribution and allocation of commercial services within neighborhoods.Methods: This research, considered an applied research, adopts a mixed-method approach, with a qualitative emphasis. It incorporates various data collection methods, including documentary research, secondary data analysis, non-participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and questionnaires. Data analysis encompasses statistical analysis, qualitative content analysis, and comparative analysis. In order to formulate a strategic plan for the spatial distribution of neighborhood services in Tehran, various aspects affecting the access to neighborhood services have been examined through the bibliographic review of global experiences. In addition, the models for evaluating the pedestrian access to neighborhood services have also been reviewed so that the model suitable for the context of Tehran’s neighborhoods is formulated as a model for measuring pedestrian access to services. After developing the relevant conceptual framework, this framework was used to identify neighborhood commercial services and ways of accessing these services in the selected neighborhoods. In addition to this investigation, the current state of access to neighborhood services, the causes of the formation of services in the current situation of neighborhoods and the needs, demand, patterns and tendencies of the people in using services were identified, and the pathology of the distribution of neighborhood services in the sample neighborhoods was made. This pathology, which led to the classification of problems in the field of distribution of neighborhood services, became the basis for developing a strategic plan for the appropriate spatial distribution of neighborhood commercial services in Tehran.Findings: In order to formulate a strategic plan for the spatial distribution of neighborhood services in Tehran, various aspects affecting the access to neighborhood services have been examined through the bibliographic review of global experiences. In addition, the models for evaluating the pedestrian access to neighborhood services have also been reviewed, adapting them to suit the unique context of Tehran’s neighborhoods, thus creating a suitable model for measuring pedestrian access to services. After developing the relevant conceptual framework, this framework was used to identify neighborhood commercial services and ways of accessing these services in the selected neighborhoods. In addition to this investigation, the current state of access to neighborhood services, the causes of the formation of services in the current situation of neighborhoods and the needs, demand, patterns and tendencies of the people in using services were identified, and an assessment and pathology of the distribution of neighborhood services within the chosen neighborhoods was conducted. This pathology, which led to the classification of problems in the field of distribution of neighborhood services, paved the way for developing a strategic plan for the appropriate spatial distribution of neighborhood commercial services in Tehran.Conclusion: The study results show that improving the distribution of pedestrian-based neighborhood services requires formulation and implementation of short-term, medium-term and long-term programs. In the short term, it is necessary to approve and communicate guidelines in relation to the distribution of neighborhood commercial services, access to neighborhood commercial services and needs assessment of neighborhood commercial services in the neighborhood development plan of the city of Tehran, respectively, under the detailed plan of the city of Tehran, the comprehensive plan of integrated transportation of the city of Tehran and the regulations of the neighborhood development plan of Tehran. In order to operationalize the mechanisms related to the promotion of smart access to neighborhood services, it is also necessary to revise the guidelines of Tehran Municipality for the support of startups based on the proposals of this project in the short term. Considering that currently the municipality has no intervention in the process of issuing licenses to commercial services, medium-term plans and measures to promote the distribution of neighborhood services based on the definition of the position of the municipality in the process of distributing neighborhood services (through the issuance of licenses for space acquisition or provision) is considered. In this regard, three scenarios have been proposed. In the first scenario, Tehran Municipality can be added to the process of issuing a business license as one of the permanent authorities for issuing a business license. In other words, the request to set up a commercial business in the neighborhood must be approved by the municipality. In the second scenario, it is not necessary to get an approval from the municipality of the region, but if the license applicants receive documents from the municipality indicating the need for the relevant services, they will be subject to a discount in the four municipal services. In other words, receiving approval from the municipality to obtain a business license will result in taking advantage of the municipality’s incentives. The operationalization of the first and second the scenario requires the revision of the executive regulations on the manner of issuing and extending the business license (the subject of Article “12” of the Trade Union Law) in the medium term. In the third scenario, the municipality does not interfere in issuing a license for local commercial activities. In this particular scenario, the municipality is actively involved in supplying the necessary space for setting up local commercial services, such as fruit and vegetable markets and neighborhood stores. In the medium term, this scenario requires the revision of fruit and vegetable fields services in the statutes of the fruit and vegetable fields management organization of Tehran municipality and the local Shahrvand markets. Long-term plans and measures also rely on the change of the laws in order to grant the municipality the authority to issue business licenses.

Conceptualization and presentation of a process model for implementation of urban development projects in the global literature

Amirhousein Bakhshi; Ahmad Khalili

Volume 14, Issue 1 , August 2023, , Pages 401-423

https://doi.org/10.30475/isau.2023.396311.2040

Abstract

Extended Abstract Background and Objectives: In 1984, Pressman and Wildavsky conducted a study that directly discussed the implementation of urban development plans (Pressman & ... Read More Extended Abstract Background and Objectives: In 1984, Pressman and Wildavsky conducted a study that directly discussed the implementation of urban development plans (Pressman & Wildavsky, 1984). Since then, the implementation of urban development plans has been studied extensively, with different researchers investigating four general categories of key issues in this field. The first category is the conceptual examination of program implementation based on compliance, performance, or a combination of both (Feitelson et al., 2017; Rudolf & Grădinaru, 2017). The second category includes the evaluation and different methods of urban development plans (Alfasi et al., 2012; Lyles et al., 2015). The third category is the identification of effective and influencing factors in the implementation process of urban plans (Loh, 2019; Chu, 2020). Finally, the fourth category, which has received the least attention, is the implementation system of urban plans, which examines implementation systems as a comprehensive and independent process (Suárez-Rocha et al., 2012; Hersperger et al., 2019; Nikolić et al., 2021). While research has been conducted in different sections, such as evaluation, effective factors, performance, and the role of people, the implementation system of urban plans has been limitedly studied. Thus, the main question of this research is “how to model the ideal system of implementation management” in urban development plans to achieve a general concept in the world. The purpose of this article is to identify and introduce an evaluation model and executive management for urban plans, which has not received much attention.Methods: This research is a descriptive-analytical research in which, by reviewing the documents and the global literature of the investigated field of operationalization and implementation of urban plans, the indicators, systems, and elements of this subject in the global literature have been collected. The main method in this research is documentary studies. In the first stage, the indicators, pillars, definitions, and generality of the subject have been identified in the world literature, and then after identifying these indicators from the bibliographic method using text analysis techniques and the help of experts, in a workshop, a proposed system based on Global literature has been discussed for the implementation and operationalization of urban plans.Findings: The research’s main question is “How to model the ideal system of implementation management” in urban development plans to achieve a general concept in the world? By reviewing the global literature on implementation management and operationalization of urban plans, 74 indicators divided into 17 sections have been identified. Based on the totality of urban plans, studies, and documents reviewed in this research, an 8-step general framework for the implementation management of plans for a city has been presented. The eight stages of the proposed model are respectively; “Initial review of the whole,” “Review of implementation conditions,” “Responsibility and rules,” “Time and resources,” “Operationalization program,” “Effectiveness,” “Implementation,” and “Evaluation and correction.” This model provides a comprehensive system for managing urban plans from preparation to final implementation to ensure complete and correct implementation. The eight main stages also have executive subsets that cover all 74 identified indicators and factors. In addition to the eight steps, this model requires 5 groups of implementation, evaluation, monitoring, training, and participation, which form the executive council of this model. The proposed model’s focus is on program implementation, whereas, in most similar studies, implementation is seen within the preparation of the program and alongside it. Hersperger et al. (2019) proposed a framework (SPlaMI) that represents current planning practices based on two stages of implementation and planning, including ten general frameworks. Although the research conducted by Hersperger et al. and the current research both seek to introduce a logical system for the optimal implementation of urban plans, there are some differences between them. Hersperger’s research was limited to a systematic review of the implementation based on specific and limited criteria, while the current research looked at the subject in a more general way.Conclusion: Operationalizing urban plans is a crucial issue in the modern literature of urban planning worldwide. It is understood as a process in which plans are transformed into (urban) space changes to ensure controlled and anticipated change and development (Clifford & Tewdwr-Jones, 2013). If plans are not implemented, no development will take place. This research provides an initially proposed system by reviewing the world literature in this field. While some studies in this field, such as Hersperger et al. (2019), introduce proposed frameworks for the optimal implementation of urban plans, the focus is often on specific and limited criteria. In contrast, this research looks at the implementation process in a general sense. The current research provides an initially proposed system based on global literature to ensure the implementation and operationalization of urban plans. The proposed model provides a comprehensive system for managing urban plans, from preparation to final implementation to ensure complete and correct implementation. The proposed model can help policymakers and urban planners identify the key factors and indicators required for the optimal implementation of urban plans. The proposed model’s focus on program implementation can make it a valuable tool in improving the quality of life in urban areas.

Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Review of Global Theoretical Context in the Field of Urban Health

Marziyeh Fallah Barzeghar; Ahmad khalili

Volume 13, Issue 2 , February 2022, , Pages 351-372

https://doi.org/10.30475/isau.2023.395942.2039

Abstract

Extended AbstractBackground and Objectives: The definition of health has different meanings. In the simplest case, it is defined as the absence of any disease or illness. The evidence ... Read More Extended AbstractBackground and Objectives: The definition of health has different meanings. In the simplest case, it is defined as the absence of any disease or illness. The evidence indicates the relationship between the components of the urban environment and health and related behaviors, which emphasizes the importance of urban planning and urban interventions in order to face health challenges. Nowadays, health promotion at the community level, considering a wide range of threatening factors in the field of urban health, the need to identify the effective components on human health is considered essential. Based on this, the link between the urban environment and urban planning is emphasized to achieve urban health and well-being. The purpose of this research is to analyze the scientometric analysis of urban health studies, to discover the main issues and developments, as well as to find the emerging performance trends of articles and magazines, to know the patterns of cooperation and research components, and to discover the intellectual structure of urban health in the world literature.Methods: Bibliometric Analysis is a precise method for examining and analyzing a large amount of scientific data. This technique is intended to understand the interrelationship between scientific citations and to summarize the situation according to the current research topic. Researchers use scientometric analysis to find trends in the emerging performance of articles and journals, to recognize collaboration patterns and research components, and to discover the intellectual structure of a specific field in existing literature. In order to check the relationship between articles from a database and to classify different keywords based on their simultaneous citation by following clustering techniques, VOS Viewer software is used. Web of Science Core Collection has been used for the process of searching and extracting data from the Web of Science scientific database. The main focus of this research was scientific data regarding the subject of research with the term “urban health” in the title and abstract. On August 13, 2022, an initial search of 3,102 document titles was extracted, and for a more accurate analysis, among the 3,102 documents obtained, 2,581 documents including articles were extracted as main data, and other professors included books and conference articles, etc. It was removed from the total of primary data.Findings: Co-occurrence results based on keywords show that the keyword “Urban Health” has the highest total link strength and the number of co-occurrences of two items. In other words, this keyword has been seen more times in an article and the probability of this keyword appearing with other keywords in an article is higher. “Mortality” and “prevalence” components are ranked second and third, respectively. The component of Covid-19, green space is one of the common components in the field of urban health, which has been the focus of researchers in recent years. Co-authorship analysis based on countries shows that Asian and African countries have the lowest amount of scientific participation and influence in the production of scientific documents in the field of urban health. Also, the results indicate that the authors of three countries, the United States, England, and Australia, respectively, have the highest level of cooperation with the authors of other countries in the production of scientific documents in the field of urban health. Finally, the co-citation analysis based on co-citations of the authors revealed that the World Health Organization has the highest number of citations.Conclusion: A comprehensive review of global studies in order to discover the emerging performance of researchers in the field of urban health has been one of the study gaps in this field, and this research has tried to answer this need to some extent. This study is considered as a comprehensive review study with co-occurrence analyzes of the occurrence of two items (in three aspects of visualization, data density, network overlap), citation, bibliographic pair and authorship. Paying more attention and examining the individual components of health including healthy diet, life expectancy, body mass index in the search of scientific documents due to the increasing importance of physical health is felt in future studies. Urban health is related to various issues. However, from searching for the keyword of urban health and extracting the keywords of thermal islands, life expectancy, green space and pedestrian circulation using VOS, it can be seen that there are keywords whose publication year is related to the years after 2018, in other words, in the years The latter are still of interest to researchers, and they can be used in the future to expand the research topic as potential subject areas related to urban health. Also, in the future study, the sources of different scientific databases such as Scopus, Dimensions, Lens and PubMed should be used. Future researchers can use each of the existing keywords as potential subject areas of urban health. Henceforth, research will focus on opportunities and challenges, urban health efficiency, and possible solutions to emerging issues.

Journal of Iranian Architecture & Urbanism(JIAU)

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Main Subjects = Planning

Strategic requirements for improving the self-organizing capacity of cities in order to make them smarter(Case study: Ahvaz metropolis)

Abstract

Analysis and evaluation of effective indicators on the realization of healthy city (Rasht case study)

Abstract

Evaluation and analysis of the physical development pattern of Yazd city

Abstract

Investigating the position of housing brand from the perspective of residents using perceptual mapping technique Complex of long apartments with houses and short apartments in Ardabil)

Abstract

Analysis of choosing house and neighborhood in selected group

Abstract

Developing mechanisms for improving the distribution and access to neighborhood commercial services in Tehran

Abstract

Conceptualization and presentation of a process model for implementation of urban development projects in the global literature

Abstract

Bibliometric Analysis and Systematic Review of Global Theoretical Context in the Field of Urban Health

Abstract