نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• محمد دیده بان ¹
• شیرین سردار موری ²
• پریسا انصاریان ³
• پرنیان زاده مراد ³

¹ استادیار، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه صنعتی جندی شاپور دزفول، خوزستان، ایران.

² دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه صنعتی جندی شاپور دزفول، خوزستان، ایران.

³ دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد معماری، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه صنعتی جندی شاپور دزفول، خوزستان، ایران

چکیده

تصاویر ارزیابانه، انعکاسی از تصویرهای ذهنی مؤثّر عمومی شهر هستند. این تصاویر، تصوّر سودمندی از کیفیت درک شده از عناصر غالب شهر را ارائه می‌دهند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تصویر ذهنی شهروندان اهوازی نسبت به عناصر موجود در کناره‌ی رودخانه‌ی کارون، صورت گرفته است. معیارهای این بررسی، صفات ارزیابانه‌ای چون: آرامش‌بخشی، ایمنی، رضایت‌بخشی، تحریک‌کنندگی، هیجان‌انگیزی محیط و موردعلاقه بودن، هستند. بخش اعظم این نوشتار با استفاده از تحقیقات میدانی و بکارگیری پرسش‌نامه، صورت گرفته است و جامعه‌ی آماری آن افراد مراجعه‌کننده به کناره‌ی رود کارون حدفاصل پل هفتم و پل طبیعت می‌باشد که نمونه‌های آماری تحقیق، مجموعاً 186 نفر از این افراد است. داده‌ها با هدف بررسی تصویر ذهنی افراد جمع‌آوری ‌شده است و میزان مطلوب یا نامطلوب (تأثیرگذار)  بودن این تصاویر  با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه و تحلیل آن‌ها با استفاده نرم‌افزار اس‌پی‌اس‌اس 20، صورت گرفت. بنابراین نگارندگان جهت رسیدن به هدف تعیین‌شده و بر اساس انتخاب روش، میزان تأثیرگذاری تصاویر ارزیابانه ذهنی را به‌صورت کمّی مورد بررسی قرار داده‌اند، البته با توجه به ماهیت موضوع، مطالعات کیفی آتی نیز می‌تواند در بهبود و تکمیل نتایج این تحقیق مؤثر واقع گردد. درنهایت یافته‌های تحقیق نشان داد که، عموم شهروندان در جذابیّت و عدم جذابیّت بصری فضاها اتّفاق نظر دارند و طی بررسی‌های صورت گرفته، تصویر ذهنی شهروندان اهوازی با توجه به صفات ارزیابانه نسبت به محیط به‌گونه‌ای است که فضاهای با عملکردهای متفاوت و با کیفیت‌های محیطی بالا، تصاویر ذهنی مثبت قوی و فضاهای باکیفیت محیطی پایین، تصاویر ذهنی ارزیابانه مثبت ضعیفی را در ذهن شهروندان ایجاد می‌کنند.   

چکیده تصویری

کلیدواژه‌ها

• تصویر ذهنی ارزیابانه
• فضای شهری
• شهروندان اهواز
• رودخانه‌ی کارون

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Evaluative Mental Image of Ahvaz Citizens Along Karun River (Case Study: The Enclosure Between White Bridge and Nature Bridge)

نویسندگان [English]

• Mohammad Didehban ¹
• Shirin Sardarmoori ²
• Parisa Ansarian ³
• Parnian Zadehmorad ³

¹ Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Khuzestan, Iran.

² M.A. of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Khuzestan, Iran

³ M.A. of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Jundi-Shapur University of Technology, Dezful, Khuzestan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Extended Abstract
Objective and Background: Urban space can be of great benefit to humans when it meets their expectations, making sense in the form of various environmental, social, physical, economic, and other dimensions. Evaluative images reflect the city’s effective public mental image and provide a useful picture of the perceived quality of the dominant elements of the city. The urban landscape is important because it can act as a source of satisfaction for the people or a remedy for the daily concerns of life. The reshaping of the city must be guided by a visual program, the development of which requires an awareness of how people value urban landscape and its meaning.
Methods: This study was conducted to examine Ahvaz citizens’ mental image of the elements along the banks of Karun River using evaluative criteria, such as a sense of relaxation, security, satisfaction, motivation, excitement, and popularity. This paper is an applied research project that has used quantitative and descriptive methods conducted by the recognition-evaluation method (evaluative images). The present study uses a random sampling method in which the female and male respondents are classified equally. The statistical population consists of Ahvaz citizens who were present in the area (residents and non-residents). Respondents were categorized by dividing the area into eight sections. The Cochran model was used to sample and estimate the sample size and to distribute the questionnaire. According to the results of this model, the statistical sample size is 186. The data were collected to evaluate the individuals’ mental image and the degree to which these images were desirable or not (degree of effectiveness) using a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 20 Software. The questionnaire structure consists of two parts. People with the same conditions were not questioned. Therefore, the first part of the questionnaire included questions about age, gender, the number of visits to the park, the vicinity of the living space to the park, the purpose of going to the park (e.g., recreation, exercise, work, study and meeting with friends), and the time of going to the park. The second part of the questionnaire were prepared and formulated to evaluate Ahvaz citizens’ mental images of the elements along the banks of Karun River following the theoretical research foundations using the “evaluative mental images” method.
Findings: The research findings indicated that the general public agreed on the spaces’ visual attractiveness and unattractiveness. According to the evaluative attributes, Ahvaz citizens create strong positive evaluative mental images from the spaces with different functions and high environmental qualities. In contrast, low-quality spaces create poor evaluative mental images in people’s minds. A poor mental image can be created in the viewer’s mind due to low security levels, low-quality equipment, dark sidewalks, dirt and pollution, insufficient sitting spaces on the river banks to watch the river landscape, placement of the settings in solitude and existence of unknown places (i.e., inappropriate location), and finally insufficient green space in the surroundings. This leads to an unpleasant feeling of space for the citizens. However, among the elements and spaces along the banks of Karun River, the bridges, the beach restaurants, the special scenery (e.g., the botanical garden, the sculpture, and the elements), the children’s playground (due to its symbolic nature), the positive nostalgia in the viewer’s mind, the novelty of spaces and functions, and the contrast with the surrounding environment, have formed a positive mental image in the viewer’s mind.
Conclusion: According to studies, Ahvaz citizens’ mental image is lower than the theoretical average due to the low evaluative attributes of walking and sports paths, riverside, youth hangouts, and green spaces. In other words, these spaces have created a poor mental image in the viewer’s mind. Also, an unpleasant feeling has been created in the citizens due to low level of security and quality of facilities, lack of lighting in the walking paths, pollution, lack of sitting space in the riverside to watch the river landscape, placement of the settings in solitude and existence unknown places (inappropriate location) and finally lack of different green space structure in the surrounding. However, among the existing spaces and elements in Karun riverside, bridges, beach restaurants, spectacular landscapes (botanical gardens, statue, and element), and children playground have created a positive mental image in the viewer’s mind due to being a symbol and sign of positive memory in the viewer’s mind, and due to the novelty of the spaces and function and contradiction with the surrounding environment. According to the research findings, the attributes of each section have been lower than the average and have had poor environmental quality. Therefore, it can be said that the following measures can be useful in improving the citizens’ mental image in Karun Riverside. It can be improved by increasing the quality of the environment, enhancing the quality of sidewalks, creating navigation, increasing the social security in Karun Riverside using proper lighting. Provision of required facilities in various spaces along Karun Riverside, providing adequate sitting places, toilets, pavilions, buffet, and restaurants, and beautifying the area by eliminating the corners and blind spots is also helpful. Increasing the lighting in spaces and paths, improving the quality of green space, and applying green space in different parts and increasing the number of symbolic elements are other effective solutions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Evaluative Mental Image
• Urban Space
• Ahvaz Citizens
• Karun River