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بررسی چگونگی افزایش حس انسجام در افراد با توجه به رویکرد سالوتوژنیک (نمونه موردی: بافت مسکونی محله تاریخی سنگ سیاه شیراز)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد معماری پایدار، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.

3 استاد، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

امروزه توجه به ارتقای سلامتی انسان‌ها نیازمند یک جنبش بین رشته‌ای است. از اینرو رویکرد سالوتوژنیک به مانند روشی موثر در ارتقای تندرستی بشر نقش بازی می‌کند. یکی از زیر شاخه‌های اساسی در این رویکرد حس انسجام (SoC) می‌باشد که آنتونووسکی آن را یک پاسخ به موقعیت‌های نامطلوب زندگی بیان می‌کند که از این‌رو مبنای کلی این پژوهش را تشکیل می‌دهد. هدف اصلی این پژوهش دستیابی به راه حلی در طراحی به منظور افزایش حس انسجام افراد ساکن در بافت تاریخی شیراز می‌باشد. بدین جهت، محله سنگ سیاه در شهرستان شیراز به عنوان نمونه مورد بررسی، در نظر گرفته شده است. این پژوهش از روش ترکیبی  بهره‌مند می‌باشد .از این‌رو ابتدا به بررسی محتواهای پیشرو با توجه به مطالعات اسنادی و کتابخانه‌ای پرداخته شده است. سپس به منظور گردآوری داده‌ها از پرسشنامه حس انسجام آنتونووسکی و همچنین پرسشنامه کیفیت زندگی سازمان جهانی بهداشت استفاده شده است. در بخش پیمایش، تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها، به وسیله‌ی نرم افزار SPSS 24 و به روش آمار توصیفی و استنباطی انجام شده است. همچنین با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SMART PLS 2، رابطه بین متغیرهای پنهان و متغیرهای اصلی پژوهش توسط مدل ساختاری، بررسی شده است. با انجام این پژوهش عوامل اصلی و موثر بر کیفیت زندگی(QoL) افراد و حس انسجام(SoC) در ساکنان محله سنگ سیاه، به طور قابل توجهی شناسایی و بررسی گردیده است. با توجه به نتایج، «مؤلفه معناداری» بیشترین ضریب همبستگی را در رابطه با محیط انسان ساخت و کیفیت زندگی افراد، دارا می‌باشد، از این‌رو با توجه به این تحقیق، این فاکتور به‌عنوان راه‌حلی در محله سنگ سیاه و محله‌های مشابه برای پیشبرد طراحی با رویکرد سالوتوژنیک در نظر گرفته ‌می‌شود.  

چکیده تصویری

بررسی چگونگی افزایش حس انسجام در افراد با توجه به رویکرد سالوتوژنیک (نمونه موردی: بافت مسکونی محله تاریخی سنگ سیاه شیراز)

تازه های تحقیق

- با تاکید بر رویکرد سالوتوژنیک، در این پژوهش رابطه بین حس انسجام و محیط ساخته شده، تایید شده است که گویای اهمیت محیط ساخته شده و تاثیر آن بر سلامت انسان‌ها می‌باشد.
- با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش، در محله سنگ سیاه و محلات مشابه، فاکتور معناداری به عنوان مهم‌ترین فاکتور در طراحی متناسب با رویکرد سالوتوژنیک در نظر گرفته می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation on Attaining Healthy Housing by Increasing Sense of Coherence in Historical Context with Emphasize on Salutogenic Approach: Sang-e-Siyah Community, Shiraz, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohadeseh Alsadat Hamidi 1
  • Mehdi Khakzand 2
  • Mohsen Faizi 3

1 M.A. in Sustainable Architecture, School of Architecture & Environmental Design, Iran University of Science & Technology, Tehran, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, School of Architecture & Environmental Design, Iran University of Science & Technology, Tehran, Iran.

3 Professor, School of Architecture & Environmental Design, Iran University of Science & Technology, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Extended Abstract
Objective and Background: Nowadays, health promotion in humans is not limited to medicine and psychology; therefore, a strong need for an effective interdisciplinary movement is felt to increase individuals' health as much as possible.  Several studies have concluded that the quality of the built environment is an important indicator of health and quality of life in modern societies. Health paradigm fans believe fundamental changes in individual and social behaviors are required to improve health, meaning that there must be a movement in the "social body" for the "biological and physical body" if an effective response is to be achieved. Housing and neighborhoods play an important role in human life as the most basic man-made environments. These environments have a significant impact on human mental and physical health. The architects and urban planners of today must develop designs aimed at improving human health.  Previous studies have shown that the salutogenic approach can promote human health. One of the basic sub-branches of this approach that forms the general basis of this research is the sense of coherence (SOC), which Antonovsky defines as the dynamic orientation for the world. This study aims to achieve a design solution that will increase the sense of coherence of people living in the historical fabric of Shiraz. As a result, the Sang-e Siah neighborhood in Shiraz city has been used as a case study. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate the sense of coherence in the Sang-e Siah neighborhood in Shiraz, which can be improved by increasing this component in humans. Hence, the research question is "What effects does the built neighborhood in Sang-e Siah have on citizens' sense of coherence?" Additionally, "what can be done to enhance people's sense of coherence through efficient design?" Answering this question in various neighborhoods can lead to effective strategies in maintaining and promoting the health of the residents in the Sang-e Siah neighborhood of Shiraz as well as the development of the neighborhood based on the salutogenic approach.
Methods: This study is based on mixed methods. Therefore, the bibliographic and documentary collections are first used to determine the progressive contents. Next, the World Health Organization Quality of Life and Antonovsky's sense of coherence surveys were used to collect data. The survey data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods with SPSS-24 software and a structural model based on SMART-PLS-2 software to test the research hypothesis. This research significantly identified and examined the main factors affecting the individuals' quality of life (QoL) and the residents' sense of coherence (SoC) in the Sang-e Siah neighborhood.
Findings: As a result of the factors obtained from both the tables related to the Sang-e Siah neighborhood and the quality of life survey, we find a more comprehensive correlation between the built environment and the sense of coherence. The variables in the sense of coherence survey and in the WHO Quality of Life survey have been expressed as keywords. The sense of coherence also acts as a dependent variable compared to the quality of life (an independent variable). Hence, the hidden variables related to the quality of life with the highest correlation coefficient should be taken into account since changes in each sector will impact the sense of coherence, meaning the SoC will improve as the quality of life improves.
Conclusion: According to the main purposes of the study, the salutogenic approach is intended to promote a sense of coherence and achieve a healthy home. In the neighborhood of Sang-e Siah, a significant factor with a correlation coefficient of (0.978) shows the highest correlation with the variable of the sense of coherence. Also, according to Alan Dilani's translation of the components of sense of coherence, every significant factor consists of sub-categories such as social support, music, art, culture, increased activity, increased individual and social independence, the presence of pets, view, comfort and convenience, and positive distraction. As a result, such keywords can be used in designing the historical fabric of Shiraz. Therefore, designing according to these strategies can significantly improve people's physical and mental health in these environments.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Salutogenic
  • Sense of Coherence (SoC)
  • Sang-e Siyah Neighborhood
  • Shiraz
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معماری و شهرسازی ایران(JIAU)
دوره 12، شماره 2
دی 1400
صفحه 137-151
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سابقه مقاله
  • تاریخ دریافت: 14 خرداد 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 29 بهمن 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 15 اردیبهشت 1400
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